Smoking’s negative effects

Smoking’s negative effects permeate every aspect of health, from cardiovascular risks to respiratory problems and incresing susceptibility to various cancers by 30x. Beyond these, it negatively affects the immune system and deteriorates skin and dental health.

But what about muscle mass? Does it affect that too?

Well, focusing on the musculoskeletal system, research reveals alarming consequences of course. Long-term smokers experience a sharp decline in muscle protein synthesis, with Peterson et al. finding a 37% reduction compared to non-smokers. This decline is not just in muscle mass but also in strength, as highlighted by Abate et al., who reported a 2.9% to 5% strength loss from smoking as little as 100g of tobacco weekly, highlighting an environment where muscle atrophy genes like MAFbx and Myostatin are overexpressed.

Moreover, the chronic pain associated with smoking affects the entire body , causing low-back pain, headaches, and limb pain, as detailed by Smuck et al.

But that’s not all: the damage extends to the bones, with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures, and to the spine and tendons, with a higher likelihood of degeneration and ruptures.

However, the decision to quit smoking can certainly reverse one’s health trajectory. In fact, cessation of smoking can result in immediate benefits like better blood circulation and lung function. Over time, it can lead to a significant reduction in the risk of chronic diseases and enhance the quality of life.

Indeed support systems are integral to this process, with communities, healthcare professionals, and digital tools all playing important roles in one’s recovery. Hopefully this post can help open the eyes of the youngsters in particular, who begin smoking without taking in consideration the various negative aspects that become more prominent with age!